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G 4000

Western Cemetery

Object(s) photograph: Site: Giza; view: G 4000

Details

  • Tomb Owner
    Hemiunu (G 4000)
  • Excavator
    Hermann Junker, German, 1877–1962
  • Other No
    D 60
  • Junker Date
    Dynasty 4
  • PorterMoss Date
    Khufu
  • Baer Date
    Dynasty 4, Khufu
  • Site Type
    Stone-built mastaba
  • Shafts
    G 4000 A; G 4000 B; serdab 1; serdab 2; chapel
  • Remarks
    Shafts drawn but not labeled by Junker. Shafts labeled by Reisner.

Finds 38

Excavation Diary Pages 5

Maps & Plans 7

Published Documents 16

Unpublished Documents 88

Full Bibliography

  • Arnold, Dieter. "Old Kingdom Statues in their Architectural Setting." In Egyptian Art in the Age of the Pyramids. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1999, pp. 44-45.

    Bárta, Miroslav. "Serdab and Statue Placement in the Private Tombs down to the Fourth Dynasty." Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Abteilung Kairo 54 (1998), p. 71.

    Flentye, Laurel. "The Development of Art in the Eastern and GIS Cemeteries at Giza during the Fourth Dynasty: Iconography and Style." In Jean-Claude Goyon and Christine Cardin, eds. Proceedings of the Ninth International Congress of Egyptologists, Grenoble, 6-12 septembre 2004, vol. I. Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta 150. Leuven: Uitgeveru Peeters en Departement Oosterse Studies, 2007, p. 730.

    Flentye, Laurel. "The Mastabas of Ankh-haf (G 7510) and Akhethetep and Meretites (G 7650) in the Eastern Cemetery at Giza: A Reassessment." In Zahi Hawass and Janet Richards, eds. The Archaeology and Art of Ancient Egypt. Essays in Honor of David B. O'Connor, Vol. I. Annales du Service des Antiquités de l'Égypte, Cahier no. 36. Cairo: Supreme Council of Antiquities, 2007, pp. 293, 298.

    Hawass, Zahi. "The Statue of the Dwarf Pr-n(j)-anx(w) Recently Discovered at Giza." Festschrift für Werner Kaiser. Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Abteilung Kairo 47 (1991), p. 162.

    Jánosi, Peter. "Der Tote vor dem Opfertisch. Die Opferplatten von Giza. Besprechung des Buches Slab Stelae of the Giza Necropolis von Peter Der Manuelian." Sokar 10 (1. Halbjahr 2005), pp. 22, 23, note 14.

    Jánosi, Peter. "Aspects of Mastaba Development: The Position of Shafts and the Identification of Tomb Owners." In Filip Coppens, ed. Abusir and Saqqara in the year 2001. Proceedings of the Symposium (Prague, September 25th-27th, 2001). Archiv Orientální 70, No. 3 (August 2002). Prague: Oriental Institute, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, pp. 341-342.

    Jánosi, Peter. "The Tombs of Officials. Houses of Eternity." In Egyptian Art in the Age of the Pyramids. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1999, pp. 30-31, 38, fig. 15a-b.

    Junker, Hermann. Gîza 1. Die Mastabas der IV. Dynastie auf dem Westfriedhof. Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien Philosophisch-historische Klasse Denkschriften 69. Vienna & Leipzig: Hölder-Pichler-Tempsky, 1929, pp. 132-162, figs. 18-24, pls. 15-24.

    Junker, Hermann. Gîza 3. Die Mastabas der vorgeschrittenen V. Dynastie auf dem Westfriedhof. Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien Philosophisch-historische Klasse Denkschriften. Vienna & Leipzig: Hölder-Pichler-Tempsky, 1938, p. 36 [12].

    Junker, Hermann. Gîza 9. Das Mittelfeld des Westfriedhofs. Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien Philosophisch-historische Klasse Denkschriften 73, Abhandlung 2. Vienna: Rudolph M. Rohrer, 1950, plans 1-2 after pl. 20.

    Lehmann, Katja. Der Serdab in den Privatgräbern des Alten Reiches 1-3. Ph.D. Dissertation, Universität Heidelberg, 2000, Kat. G169.

    Manuelian, Peter Der. "Penmeru Revisited–Giza Mastaba G 2197 (Giza Archives Gleanings V)." Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt 45 (2009), p. 33.

    Manuelian, Peter Der. "Hemiunu, Pehenptah, and German/American Collaboration at the Giza Necropolis (Giza Archives Project Gleanings: II)." In Antje Spiekermann, ed. Zur Zierde gereicht. . . Festschrift Bettina Schmitz zum 60. Geburtstag am 24. Juli 2008, HIldesheimer Ägyptologische Beiträge 50. Hildesheim: Verlag Gebrüder Gerstenberg, 2008, pp. 30-33, 41-49, 52-55, figs. 1-9, 15-18.

    Manuelian, Peter Der. "A Re-examination of Reisner's Nucleus Cemetery Concept at Giza. Preliminary Remarks on Cemetery G 2100." In Miroslav Bárta, ed. The Old Kingdom Art and Archaeology. Proceedings of the Conference held in Prague, May 31-June 4, 2004. Prague: Czech Institute of Egyptology, 2006, pp. 227-228.

    Manuelian, Peter Der. Slab Stelae of the Giza Necropolis. Publications of the Pennsylvania-Yale Expedition to Egypt 7. New Haven & Philadelphia: Peabody Museum of Natural History of Yale University & University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, 2003, pp. 36, 96, 113, 136, 143, 144, 146, 162, fig. 171.

    Manuelian, Peter Der. "Excavating the Old Kingdom. The Giza Necropolis and Other Mastaba Fields." In Egyptian Art in the Age of the Pyramids. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1999, p. 146.

    Manuelian, Peter Der. "A Case of Prefabrication at Giza? The False Door of Inti." Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt 35 (1998), p. 117.

    Porter, Bertha, and Rosalind L.B. Moss. Topographical Bibliography of Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphic Texts, Reliefs, and Paintings 3: Memphis (Abû Rawâsh to Dahshûr). Oxford: The Clarendon Press, 1931. 2nd edition. 3: Memphis, Part 1 (Abû Rawâsh to Abûsîr), revised and augmented by Jaromír Málek. Oxford: The Clarendon Press, 1974, pp. 122-123, plan 11.

    Reisner, unpublished manuscript, Box L13, Description of Cemetery G 4000, p. 1.

    Reisner, George A. "The Position of Early Grave Stelae." In Studies Presented to F.Ll. Griffith Egypt. London: Egypt Exploration Society, 1932, p. 325.

    Smith, William Stevenson. "Old Kingdom Sculpture." American Journal of Archaeology 45 (1941), pp. 515, 521-522, 528.

    Smith, William Stevenson. "The Origin of Some Unidentified Old Kingdom Reliefs." American Journal of Archaeology 46 (1942), pp. 510, 520, 522-525, fig. 10.

    Steindorff, G. and U. Hoelscher, Die Mastabas westlich der Cheopspyramide, Muenchener Aegyptologische Untersuchungen 2 (Frankfurt am Main, 1991), edited by A. Grimm, p. 59.

    Verner, Miroslav. "Contemporaneous Evidence for the Relative Chronology of Dyns. 4 and 5." In Erik Hornung, Rolf Krauss & David A. Warburton, eds. Ancient Egyptian Chronology, Leiden/Boston: Brill, 2006, pp. 131-132.

Videos 1

People 2

Ancient People

  • Hemiunu (G 4000)

    • Type Tomb Owner
    • Remarks Owner of G 4000. Probable son of Nefermaat (owner of tomb at Meidum), probable grandson of Snefru. Architectural elements, including chapel entrance lintel (Hildesheim 2380) and door jamb (Hildesheim 2146), inscribed for Hemiunu, identified as [jrj-pat HAtj-a xtmw-bjtj] hereditary prince, count, sealer of the king of Lower Egypt; door jamb found in situ in G 4000. Seated statue (Hildesheim 1962) inscribed for Hemiunu, identified as [sA nswt n XT=f tAjtj sAb TAtj wr djw pr-DHwtj] king's son of his body, chief justice and vizier, greatest of the five of the House of Thoth; found in situ in G 4000 serdab behind north niche.

Modern People

  • Hermann Junker

    • Type Excavator
    • Nationality & Dates German, 1877–1962
    • Remarks Egyptologist, Director of German-Austrian expedition to Giza, 1911–1929. Published 12 volumes of final excavation reports from Giza expedition. Nationality and life dates from Who was Who in Egyptology.